Acta Orientalia 10. (1960)

1. szám - A. Róna-Tas: A Study on the Dariganga Phonology

1 3 A STUDY ON THE DARIGANGA PHONOLOGY mountain Dari owö near the centre of the present Dariganga sumun, and from a little lake, Gapga-nur, not far east from that centre. The Dari-owö is now named Altan owö, and in older times was also known as Dzayin yar ôndôr. We find mention of the Daringanga as early as Timkovsky’s travel­­book,12 * who in 1821 wrote that one part of the Manchu Emperor’s stud was tended between Ude and Dari-Ganga. He gives the first report on the etymo­­logy of the word, connecting it with the Dari-owö and the Garjga-nur, and notes that in Dari-Ganga a stud-amban is residing. The control is exercised by a Chakhar commander in Kalgan. The first scientific research of Daringanga was made by the late V. A. Kazakevic, who made a study tour in 1927 to the Daringanga, and published his first account in 1930.13 He collected considerable material on the dialect, and announced the publication of it (op. cit. pp. 36, 45), but this was never published owing to his premature death. We know further, that Vladimirtsov knew a part or the whole of this material. In his comparative grammar he cites a few Dariganga words with reference to the collection of Kazakevic (Срав. грамм., pp. VIII, 409—411). The territory was visited by several geographers, but neither linguistic nor ethnographic material was collected by them. In connection with these expeditions I can refer the reader to the works and bibliographies of E. M. Murzaev14 and Б. A. Obrucev.15 The first linguistic description of the Dariganga dialect we owe to A. Luv­­sandendev, who gave in a paper written in Mongolian a short sketch of the descriptive Phonology of Dariganga.16 Regarding their history there is still a living tradition among the Dari­­gangas that in older times they were the keepers of the Manchu Emperor’s personal live-stock, that is, they belonged neither to the Khalkha nor the Chakhar feudal organisation. On the forming of the Dariganga, territory Kazakevic cites an imperial edict from the Meng ku yu mu chi which decreed the establishment of the imperial stud on the Dariganga territory. On his tour Kazakevic collected a narrative of local tradition (op. cit., pp. 40—41), accord­ 121 was not in a position to use the original Russian edition of the travel-book written by E. F. Timkovsky (Путешествие в Китай через Монголию в 1820 и 1821 годах I—III, StPbg 1824). I had only the French translation at my disposal : Voyage à Peking à travers la Mongolie en 1820 et 1821 I—Il, Paris 1827, t. II, p. 200. 43 V. A. Kazakeviè, /.,Намогильные статуи в Даригаьнге. II., Поездка в Даригангу. Материалы комиссии по исследованию Монгольской и Тонну-Тувинской народных рес­­публик и Бурят-Монгольской АССР, Ь. 5, Leningrad 1930. 14 E. М. Murzaev, Монгольская Народная Республика, Moscow 1952. 15 В. A. Obruôev, Восточная Монголия, Moscow—Leningrad 1947. 16 A. Luvsandcndov, Дариганга аялгууны авианы 3Уйг судалсан туршлагаас, Шинжалэх Ухааны ХУрээлэнгийн бУтээл. нийгмийн ухааны анги No2, Ulan Bator 1957, p! . 49—64.

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