ACTA AGRONOMICA TOMUS 12. (A MTA AGRÁRTUDOMÁNYI KÖZLEMÉNYEI, 1963)
1963 / 1-2. szám - L. MAGASSY: Selective Fertilization in Beet (Beta vulgaris L.)
2 L. MAGASSY The results obtained could modify the current methods of breeding or create entirely new approaches to this problem. The concept of selective fertilization The concept of selective fertilization rests upon cases in which, depending on certain factors involved significant deviations from the numerical ratio expected on the evidence of the calculus of probabilities, occur in the progenies. It is to be stressed that in these cases selectivity should manifest itself in the process of fertilization only, because if factors other than fertilization proper were responsible for the occurrence of the deviations mentioned above, by no means would this phenomenon fall under the conception of selective fertilization. This definition of selective fertilization comes very near, is in fact, essentially analogous to that suggested by JONES [21] and by SEDLMAYH [41], the present author, however, makes use of it in a more restricted sense, founding his conception on the effective causes of the phenomenon. Neither is a distinction made between the wider and the narrower interpretation of selective fertilization, nor are para- and pseudo-selectivity classed with it, to which latter — besides of the work previously mentioned — further references are to be found in Sedlmayr's papers [41, 42, 43]. Review of literature on selective fertilization in beet Selective fertilization occurs in the vegetal, as well as in the animal kingdom. Literature on the subject records its occurence in wheat, maize, cotton, Oenothera, Rumex and in a large number of other plant species [2, 3» 4, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 31, 33, 34]. Selective fertilization in beet was studied in detail by several workers. As early as 1908, BRIEM [5] reported of having obtained from reciprocal crosses between sugar-beet and a yellow mangel, 70.7% hybrids in the former and 68.8 per cent hybrids in the latter partner. When varietal crossings were effected between sugar-beets and mangels [6], of a total of 157 progenies raised from the cross sugar-beet X Red Mammoth, 135 were hybrids, while out of 46 offsprings of the cross sugar-beet X Eckendorf Yellow, 42 were found to be hybrids. In sugar-beet planted alternatingly with Red Mammoth mangel, hybridization amounted to 81% [7]. On crossing sugar-beet with mangel, HALLQUIST [18] obtained 61.1% hybridization in the progeny of sugar-beet. In 113 mangel individuals derived from garden beet X mangel crosses, the rate of selfing averaged but 1.1%. ARCHIMOWITSCH [1] obtained 94.5% hybridization from crosses effected under isolators between sugar-beet and garden beet, while two sugar-beets and two garden beets hybridized under isolators yielded only 0.47% hybrids.