Acta Phytopathologica et Entomoligica 31. (1996)
1-2. szám - DISEASES - I. Tóbiás-J. Lázár: Etiology of birthwort yellow mosaid and grapevine yellow mosaic and decline
Acta Phytopatliologica et Entomologica Hungarica 31 (1-2), pp. 1-4 (1996) Etiology of Birthwort Yellow Mosaic and Grapevine Yellow Mosaic and Decline I. TÓBIÁS1 and J. LÁZÁR2 1 Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, P.O. Box 102, Hungary 2Research Institute for Viticulture and Enology, H-6000 Kecskemét, P.O. Box 25, Hungary In a 20-25 years old vineyard patches of grapevine with yellow mosaic and decline were observed. Next to these diseased vines birthwort (Aristolochia clematitis L.) plants were present showing yellow spots and yellowing symptoms. In diseased grapevine plants grapevine fanleaf virus, tomato black ring virus and grapevine chrome mosaic virus, grapevine vein necrosis and grapevine latent fleck were detected. Grapevine fanleaf virus was transmitted by mechanical inoculation from diseased birthwort to Chenopodium quinoa and identified serologically, and that it was probably the cause of the yellow mosaic symptom on this plant. In this way birthwort as a host plant may play a role in the infection cycle of grapevine fanleaf virus and grape. Yellow mosaic, reduced growth and poor fruit setting were observed on cv. Olaszrizling in a 20-25 years old vineyard near Badacsonyőrs (Lake Balaton). The diseased plants were situated in a spot with a diameter of 8-10 m where some grapevines were dead and some new replanted ones were noticed presumably in place of dead grapes. The above-mentioned syndromes of grapevines could possibly be caused by grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), tomato black ring virus (TBRV) or grapevine chrome mosaic virus (GCMV) (Bovey et al., 1980). In Hungary very similar symptoms were caused by grapevine chrome mosaic virus infection (Martelli et al., 1970). Next to the diseased grapes birthwort plants (Aristolochia clematitis L.) were observed that showed yellow mosaic symptoms on the leaves similar to those of diseased grapevines. Birthwort is a common perennial weed in vineyards in Hungary, but hitherto there was no data about grapevine pathogen virus would infect it. It was supposed that some correlation might exist between the symptoms on grapevines and on birthwort plants. To prove our hypothesis about this correlation additional studies were carried out to determine the causal agent(s) of diseased plants. Materials and Methods Three grapes showing different type of symptoms were designated for study. Code numbers: Bö-1-18 and Bö-2-15 grapes showed yellow mosaic symptoms and different degree of growth reduction; Bö-2-18 plant was characterized with yellow mosaic, 0238-1249/96/$ 5.00 © 1996, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest